Which of the following tools of the Perform Quality Control process will help you to accomplish the task?

Last Updated on February 12, 2022 by Admin 2

You work as a project manager for HRM Inc. You want to illustrate how various factors might be linked to the potential problems or effects. Which of the following tools of the Perform Quality Control process will help you to accomplish the task?

  • Scatter diagram
  • Pareto chart
  • Control chart
  • Cause and Effect diagram
Explanation:

Answer option D is correct.

The Cause and Effect diagram will help you to illustrate how various factors might be linked to the potential problems or effects.

The Ishikawa diagram (or fishbone diagram or also cause-and-effect diagram) is a diagram that shows the causes of a certain event. A common use of the Ishikawa diagram is to identify potential factors causing an overall effect. It helps identify causal factors and root causes. 

GCPM GIAC Certified Project Manager Part 12 Q03 016
GCPM GIAC Certified Project Manager Part 12 Q03 016

It is known as a fishbone diagram because of its shape, similar to the side view of a fish skeleton. It is considered as a basic tool of quality management.
Answer option C is incorrect. Control charts are graphical representations of different processes. These charts contain the maximum and minimum values allowed. Control charts are used to determine whether or not a process is stable or has predictable performance. A process is considered out of control when a data point exceeds a control limit or if seven consecutive points are above or below the mean. 

Answer option B is incorrect. A Pareto chart is a special type of bar chart where the values being plotted are arranged in descending order. The graph is accompanied by a line graph, which shows the cumulative totals of each category, left to right. The chart is named after Vilfredo Pareto, and its use in quality assurance was popularized by Joseph M. Juran and Kaoru Ishikawa.

A Pareto chart is a histogram where items (such as number of defects) are ordered by frequency of occurrence, as shown in the below example:

GCPM GIAC Certified Project Manager Part 12 Q03 017
GCPM GIAC Certified Project Manager Part 12 Q03 017

Example of a Pareto chart

It is a type of chart that consists both bars and a line graph, where individual values are represented in descending order by bars, and the cumulative total is shown by the line. 
Answer option A is incorrect. A scatter chart is a type of display using Cartesian coordinates to display values for two variables for a set of data. The data is displayed as a collection of points, each having the value of one variable determining the position on the horizontal axis and the value of the other variable determining the position on the vertical axis. A scatter diagram shows the pattern of relationship between two variables. This tool allows the quality team to study and identify the possible relationship between changes observed in two variables. Dependent variables versus independent variables are plotted. The closer the points are to a diagonal line, the more closely they are related.

Reference: “Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide), Fourth edition”
Chapter: Quality and Risk Management

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