Last Updated on July 31, 2021 by Admin 1
Refer to the following table:
Path1, Path2, and Path3 are the available routes between routers A and B. The bgp always-compare med command is executed for all three routes.What should be the value for the missing ASN (represented by a question mark in the table) so that Path3 becomes the best path between routers A and B based on their MED values?
- 10
- 20
- 30
- 40
Explanation:
The missing autonomous system number (ASN) in the AS_PATH parameter of Path3 should be 40 so that Path3 becomes the best path from A to B. BGP selects the best path by first selecting the first valid path between two routers. If other paths are available between the two routers, BGP compares values of various attributes to select the best available path. In this case, Path 2 is the current best path between routers A and B. The values of various parameters (listed in the table) are compared with Path1 and Path2.While comparing Path1 and Path2, the weight, LOCAL_PREF, local originate source command, length of AS_PATH, and origin type are same. Therefore, these parameters are not useful in determining the best path. However, the MED value of Path2 is lower than that of Path1. As a result, Path2 is selected as the best path because BGP prefers the route with the lesser MED value.BGP now compares the parameter values of Path 2 (the current best path) and Path3. The weight and LOCAL_PREF parameters are same for both routes. Path 2 and Path3 are both local routes originated by using the redistribute and the network commands, respectively. BGP prefers local routes learned by the network or redistribute commands over those that are learned by the aggregate-address command.The AS_PATH parameter specifies the list of AS numbers that comprise the route. The best path should have the shortest value for the AS_PATH parameter. In this case, both Path2 and Path3 consist of three AS numbers and are originated by an IGP. Therefore, the AS_PATH and the origin type parameters are not helpful in determining the best path.Finally, BGP compares the MED values of Path2 and Path3. The MED values are compared only when the first AS number in the AS_PATH is the same for both routes; that is, when both routes begin in the same AS. The first ASN in the AS_PATH parameter of Path2 is 40; therefore, the missing ASN for Path3 should be 40. This allows the comparison of MED values and the selection of Path3 as the best route as it has lower MED value.All the other options are incorrect because a value other than 40 disables the comparison of the MED values between Path2 and Path3. If the MED value is not considered, then BGP determines whether Path3 is an iBGP or eBGP router. BGP selects an iBGP route instead of an eBGP route.
The missing autonomous system number (ASN) in the AS_PATH parameter of Path3 should be 40 so that Path3 becomes the best path from A to B. BGP selects the best path by first selecting the first valid path between two routers. If other paths are available between the two routers, BGP compares values of various attributes to select the best available path. In this case, Path 2 is the current best path between routers A and B. The values of various parameters (listed in the table) are compared with Path1 and Path2.While comparing Path1 and Path2, the weight, LOCAL_PREF, local originate source command, length of AS_PATH, and origin type are same. Therefore, these parameters are not useful in determining the best path. However, the MED value of Path2 is lower than that of Path1. As a result, Path2 is selected as the best path because BGP prefers the route with the lesser MED value.BGP now compares the parameter values of Path 2 (the current best path) and Path3. The weight and LOCAL_PREF parameters are same for both routes. Path 2 and Path3 are both local routes originated by using the redistribute and the network commands, respectively. BGP prefers local routes learned by the network or redistribute commands over those that are learned by the aggregate-address command.The AS_PATH parameter specifies the list of AS numbers that comprise the route. The best path should have the shortest value for the AS_PATH parameter. In this case, both Path2 and Path3 consist of three AS numbers and are originated by an IGP. Therefore, the AS_PATH and the origin type parameters are not helpful in determining the best path.Finally, BGP compares the MED values of Path2 and Path3. The MED values are compared only when the first AS number in the AS_PATH is the same for both routes; that is, when both routes begin in the same AS. The first ASN in the AS_PATH parameter of Path2 is 40; therefore, the missing ASN for Path3 should be 40. This allows the comparison of MED values and the selection of Path3 as the best route as it has lower MED value.All the other options are incorrect because a value other than 40 disables the comparison of the MED values between Path2 and Path3. If the MED value is not considered, then BGP determines whether Path3 is an iBGP or eBGP router. BGP selects an iBGP route instead of an eBGP route.
Objective:
Layer 3 Technologies
Sub-Objective:
Explain BGP attributes and best-path selection